Adopting a dog is meant to be a long-term decision.

Yet every year, many dogs are returned to shelters or rehomed by owners that find themselves overwhelmed, unprepared, or unable to continue providing care. These returns are difficult not only for the people involved, but also for the dogs, many of whom experience emotional distress and may have difficulty finding a new home or adapting to a new “person.”

There are situations where returning a dog cannot be helped. But the lasting harm it can do makes it not ideal. While every situation is unique, there are patterns that explain why so many adoptions fail – and just as importantly, ways these outcomes might be avoided with better planning and support.

Common Reasons Dogs Are Returned to Shelters

Most owners do not give up their dog lightly. Returns typically occur after a period of mounting stress or unmet expectations. The following are some of the most common reasons dogs are returned:

• Behavioral Problems – Aggression, barking, chewing, house training issues, separation anxiety, or reactivity to people and other animals are frequent causes for returns. Many of these issues are either misunderstood or unaddressed due to lack of training, inconsistent routines, or incorrect assumptions about dog behavior.
• Mismatched Energy or Lifestyle – Some adopters choose dogs based on appearance, size, or breed reputation without considering the dog’s temperament or activity needs. High-energy breeds placed in low-activity homes, or independent breeds placed with highly attentive owners, can create friction that neither party is able to resolve without adjustment.
• Health Issues or Veterinary Costs – Some dogs develop chronic health problems that require ongoing medical care, which may become expensive or logistically difficult. Adopters who were not fully prepared for the cost or time commitment may feel forced to return the dog if they are unable to manage the care needed.
• Changes in Life Circumstances – Moving, financial hardship, family changes (such as a new baby or divorce), or illness can lead to rehoming a dog when continued care becomes unsustainable. These issues often come unexpectedly, and without a backup plan, many owners feel they have no alternative.
• Unrealistic Expectations About Dog Ownership – Adopters sometimes expect dogs to immediately adjust to their new environment or show gratitude and affection right away. When the reality includes chewing furniture, accidents indoors, or nervous behavior, some owners feel unprepared for the patience and consistency that dogs require, especially those from shelter backgrounds.

Unfortunately, some people also do return dogs simply because they did not want a dog *to be a dog*. Many people adopt dogs based solely on appearance, or for status, or to carry around, or without considering the work. Puggles were an infamously returned dog breed because, while they were very cute puppies, they were demanding and did not have the same cuteness that they expected from the puppies.

Everyone has their own reasons for returning dogs, some good, some bad. But in many cases, these returns can be prevented.

What Could Be Done Differently

Many of the reasons dogs are returned are preventable with more education, realistic planning, and support at every stage of adoption. The following are approaches that could reduce the likelihood of adoption failure:

• Connecting with a  Dog Trainer – Professional dog training has an incredible impact on the way that we interact with our dogs and our dogs fit into our lives. Rather than try to navigate this yourself, partner with a dog trainer and start the path off the best way possible.
• Better Matching at the Time of Adoption – Adopting agencies and individuals can focus more on matching the dog’s temperament and care needs with the adopter’s lifestyle. Learn more about energy levels, sensitivity, and behavioral traits upfront and prevent mismatches that become unmanageable.
• Increased Education on Dog Behavior and Needs – Many adopters are not aware of normal adjustment periods, basic training principles, how to introduce more tan one dog to a home, or the challenges specific to rescued or rehomed animals. Pre-adoption counseling or required reading on dog psychology could help set more accurate expectations.
• Post-Adoption Support and Resources – Access to trainers, behaviorists, and support groups after adoption can help new owners manage early difficulties before they escalate. Even short-term check-ins from shelters or rescues can identify and address problems before they lead to returns.
• Trial or Foster Periods Before Final Adoption – Temporary foster placements or trial adoptions give both the dog and the family time to adjust before making a permanent commitment. This lowers the emotional and logistical consequences of a poor fit.
• Encouraging Honest Assessments From Potential Adopters – People are sometimes afraid to admit they work long hours, live with a partner who dislikes dogs, or do not have the energy for daily walks. Encouraging honest conversations can help adopters wait until the right time, rather than rushing into a commitment they cannot sustain.

Every return is difficult, but many are avoidable. By approaching adoption with the same care and preparation as any other major responsibility, more dogs can find permanent homes that are built for long-term success. When expectations align with reality – and support is available when needed – both dogs and humans benefit from a healthier and more stable relationship